Every gardener wants his plants to develop quickly and not get sick. To achieve excellent results, you need to worry about the health of crops in the first stages of life. In the review, we will tell you what fertilizers are needed when planting grapes and how to apply them correctly.
Reference Information
Human began growing cultivated plants several thousand years ago. During this period, gardeners found that the ingestion of certain substances into the soil improves the health and development of green spaces. Excess funds can slow growth or kill crops. Through trial and error, the algorithms of actions necessary for growing plants without problems were built.
Grapes are quite capricious and demanding fruit vine. The homeland of its growth was the warm, humid climate of the Mediterranean and the Caucasus. Domestic weather conditions did not always meet the needs of the vines and the plant died. However, with early application of fertilizers to the soil, winegrowers noted rapid survival and excellent growth.
Regular top dressing is one of the basic requirements of a capricious culture. In adulthood, their number depends on:
- growth of young shoots;
- flowering and pollination;
- holding the ovary;
- fruit formation;
- ripening berries.
Violation of the fertilizer cycle will lead to adverse consequences. The dropping of flowers or the formation of small fruits is one of the unpleasant results of the lack of minerals in the fruit vine. If the plant does not receive enough nutrition during the ripening period, then the berries will be small and acidic.
What do young grapes need
Planting seedlings takes place on a pillow with a nutritious “cocktail” of mineral and organic substances. The combination of several drugs improves the rooting of the fruit crop and gives strength to build roots and green mass. What fertilizers does a growing seedling need?
In adult grapes, beneficial substances are concentrated in the bark and trunk, therefore, it can “pull out” a small lack of nutrition from stocks. Young plants do not have such “stash” and an experienced gardener pre-worries about feeding.
When planting seedlings, a hole is poured 2-3 buckets of humus of chicken manure or manure. Remember: you can not use an organic preparation that has not gone through the fermentation process. If you add fresh substance, then the grapes will die. When decaying, elements incompatible with roots are produced.
Such top dressing is an excellent source of nitrogen, an integral part of all plants. In liquid form, the substance is mixed with soil, making the most ordinary soil in composition similar to healthy humus.
Phosphorus is another component important for plant development. Seedlings that are just starting to form are in dire need of it. In the soil it is contained in a scanty amount – not more than 1%. There are almost no readily available compounds for young animals. Therefore, for the agricultural industry developed a complex fertilizer – superphosphate. In addition to the main component, it also contains:
- potassium;
- calcium;
- sulfur;
- magnesium.
From 150 to 300 g of the drug is added to the well with the seedling. Remember: minerals are not an alternative to organic top dressing. Therefore, experienced gardeners never forget to apply both types of fertilizer.
For plants to become strong and hardy, potassium is needed for their development. Drought, frost can kill seedlings in the first weeks after planting in open ground. The substance is not included in the organic composition of the fruit vine, so it must be applied manually.
Potassium sulfate is an industrial drug developed by chemists to help farmers. All substances are readily available to young plants and are quickly absorbed. It is used on soils of different types and at all times of the year. In the pit for planting grapes must be added from 100 to 200 g of the desired product.
Wood ash is an ancient fertilizer that was used by ancient agrarians in slash-and-burn agriculture. In an unprepossessing-looking powder, the necessary elements are present:
- sulfur;
- zinc;
- iron;
- molybdenum;
- boron;
- magnesium.
The substance does not contain chlorine, which does not like grapes so much, therefore it is necessarily added to the pits during planting. If you pour up to 1 liter of ash into the hole, then the soil is enriched with minerals and beneficial microflora for the roots of the plant. The composition of the soil improves, gaining greater nutritional value. The powder lasts up to 4 years.
Peat is an additional component needed for the growth of grape seedlings. It is used as a source of carbon and hydrogen, and is also used to hold substances from mineral and organic fertilizers in the soil.
Planting
Grape seedlings are planted in spring or autumn. To do this, prepare the holes according to the scheme of 80 by 80 cm. If planting is planned in cool regions, then the depth is increased to 1 m. The holes are watered several times and allow time to settle.
Drainage is a must when planting grapes. If you do not think in advance how to divert the liquid from the roots of the plant, then with abundant watering or prolonged rainfall there is a danger of fungal diseases and rot. Therefore, a layer of broken brick and expanded clay is laid at the bottom of the pit.
Mineral and organic matter mixed with the earth in the hole. From above it is slightly crushed by soil with sand. Poor soils are enriched with peat. A seedling is carefully planted on this pillow and covered with soil. Plants are abundantly watered with settled water.
When planting grapes in this way, experienced gardeners know that youngsters will have enough nutrients until the next season, so during the first vegetative period, you should not additionally make any other preparations. After wintering, seedlings are abundantly watered and fed. Following our recommendations, you will get healthy plants.
References:
https://www.haifa-group.com/complete-haifa-recommendation-fertilization-vineyard
https://icl-sf.com/global-en/home2/product-guide/soft-fruit/grape-wine/